President-elect Trump’s victory promises to fundamentally upend government operations, as the former commander in chief returns to power with far-reaching ideas for changing the agency’s missions.

Trump has pledged to move the agency’s headquarters, end merit-based civil service for some segments of the federal workforce, require government employees to take constitutional exams and make other changes in the management of executive power. However, some of his most iconic policy ideas will also require sweeping changes to how agencies operate.

Trump has vowed to avoid any attempts to block his agenda, in part by fighting in the courts or Congress to repeal the Impoundment Control Act of 1974. This law prohibits the executive branch from withholding funds allocated by Congress for political reasons. The president-elect has not yet indicated whether he will implement a government-wide hiring freeze upon taking office, as he did in 2017.

If he chooses to follow the law of transition, what he has so far avoidedTrump will, in the coming days or weeks, deploy teams of staff to agencies to keep career staff up to date on his plans. Here’s a look at some of the agencies likely to be most affected:

Department of Homeland Security

DHS, perhaps more than any other agency, is at the center of Trump’s vision for government. He promised mass deportations of undocumented immigrants on a scale never before seen in U.S. history. To do so, he will seek to expand DHS’s immigration-related agencies, supplement the National Guard and change asylum policy to allow for faster deportations. Trump promised to hire 10,000 more Border Patrol agents, saying he would ask Congress to approve a 10% across-the-board raise for all agents and implement recruiting and retention bonuses of 10,000 dollars for new hires and existing staff. Achieve this goal could prove difficultas the Border Patrol has failed to keep pace with attrition in recent years, despite incentives double, and in some cases triple, those offered by Trump.

Asylum changes and the likely end of President Biden’s efforts to use parole, temporary protected status and a new app, CBP One, to boost legal migration will force policy changes within the Services U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and other agencies. Trump has pledged to give Immigration and Customs Enforcement much broader authority to make immigration-related arrests inside the country.

Department of Education

Simply put, Trump wants to eliminate the department. Education has been in the crosshairs of many politicians since its inception in 1980. President Reagan pledged to eliminate it, just as Republican lawmakers have done since then in numerous bills that have failed. Trump’s first-term Education Secretary, Betsy DeVos, said that after her term, the agency she led “should not exist.”

As president, Trump repeatedly sought to eliminate 19 agencies, most of them small and independent, but Congress ignored these proposals. Efforts by administrations of both parties to dissolve the agencies have been without success for decades. Trump has backup plans even if he can’t completely eliminate the department.

“From day one, we will start finding and eliminating the radicals, fanatics and Marxists who have infiltrated the Federal Ministry of Education, and that includes others as well, and you know who you are,” said Trump. “Because we will not allow anyone to harm our children. »

Department of Veterans Affairs

Under Trump, VA expanded its reliance on private sector health care for veterans through the passage of the MISSION Act. Trump has often touted the measure as an expansion of private care at government expense and a key achievement of his first term. Biden continued to implement the law and expand the VA’s “community care” program, while expand VA’s internal capacity and the cover.

The 2025 Project, a policy group set up by former Trump administration officials and from which Trump has tried to distance himself, has called for increased use of private care. He also said VA should once again seek to identify underutilized facilities to close, an effort authorized by Congress in 2018 but killed in 2022 after the Biden administration sought to implement it.

Trump also signed the VA Accountability and Whistleblower Protection Act, which was intended to make it easier to fire low-performing or negligent VA employees. The law then suffered a series of setbacks in federal courts and oversight commissions, forcing the Biden administration to ultimately return to its use. Trump also promoted this law and said it provides key authorities to hold employees accountable, although Project 2025 said Congress should repeal the law because the whistleblower protection office he created created layoffs.

The group also said the Veterans Benefits Administration should automate and outsource claims processing because hiring at VBA is too expensive. VBA has handled a record number of claims in recent years.

Internal Revenue Service

President Biden transformed the IRS by signing the Inflation Reduction Act. The measure provided $80 billion to the agency over 10 years to strengthen law enforcement, improve customer service and modernize its technology. Congressional Republicans have since sought to revoke that funding, pledging to repurpose the money for other purposes. The IRS has added more than 10,000 employees under Biden and Commissioner Danny Werfel, who is serving a five-year term, has said he plans to increase that total by another 10,000 to reach a workforce of more than 100,000 people.

Werfel has already warned that without an extension of the increased IRS funds, the agency will begin issuing termination incentives, furloughs and, as a last resort, layoff notices to employees by 2026. If the money is revoked more immediately, this deadline could be accelerated. Blueprint 2025 called on Congress to reverse the IRS’s hiring spree to prevent it from becoming “much more intrusive” and imposing costs on the American people.

Werfel boasted that the IRS hiring spree had dramatically improved customer service and, by focusing on high earners and corporate tax fraud, had brought significantly more income to the US Treasury.

Department of Health and Human Services

Trump has pledged to cede control of public health agencies to Robert Kennedy Jr., who has a history of espousing conspiracy theories related to vaccines and nutrition. Wednesday, Kennedy said MSNBC it would eliminate “in certain categories” the civil servants currently in service. He admitted, however, that he would not seek to eliminate positions in cases that would require congressional approval.

Trump has pledged to create a commission of “independent minds” to investigate the root causes of childhood illnesses. He recently said Kennedy could do “whatever he wanted” in public health agencies.

State Department

The institution charged with implementing U.S. foreign policy experienced the second-highest number of civil service losses of any department during the first Trump administration.

The state’s civil service under Biden has returned to its pre-Trump level, and Marcia Bernicat, director general of the Foreign Service and head of the Office of Global Talent Management, said Government Executive in July that she hopes that such progress can be maintained under a new administration.

However, Project 2025 takes a contradictory tone to the department.

“There are dozens of excellent diplomats who serve the president’s agenda, often helping to shape and interpret that agenda. However, at the same time, in all administrations, there is a tug of war between presidents and bureaucracies – and this resistance is much stronger under conservative presidents, in large part because much of the State Department personnel are being left behind. wing and predisposed to disagree with the policy agenda and vision of a conservative president,” wrote Kiron K. Skinner, who was a senior ministry official during Trump’s first term.

She recommended increasing the number of people appointed to political positions within the state.

EPA

The EPA is in the middle of a hiring push and, in anticipation of a possible return to the Trump White House, employees received protections against political interference in their last collective agreement.

However, the EPA has long been a target of Republicans, and Trump and his allies have said they plan to roll back environmental regulations and eliminate climate funds as part of the 2022 Climate Reduction Act. inflation.

Mandy Gunasekara, who served as EPA chief of staff during the first Trump administration, said The New York Times that a second Trump term would “tear down and rebuild” the agency’s structure.

Project 2025, to which Gunasekara was a contributor, proposed that EPA “reduce its workforce by ending new hires in low-value programs” while “identifying relocation opportunities” for senior management personnel. The initiative suggested the EPA reduce its budget and overall staffing levels.

Ministry of Justice

On the campaign trail, Trump regularly complained that Biden’s Justice Department was pursuing him, even though the the case against him was continued by a special counsel. But Trump himself has repeatedly spoken about using DOJ goes after its political enemies.

Beware of old nominees who has not fulfilled his wishes, Trump could install more loyalists in the department, which could significantly harm the independence of the DOJ.

Trump also said he repeal a Biden executive order promoting equity programs in the federal government, which he called discriminatory, and directed the DOJ to “investigate unlawful domination, discrimination, and civil rights violations committed by the Biden administration” under the order.

Department of the Interior

During Trump’s first term, he moved the Bureau of Land Management Colorado Headquarters — an action Biden reversed upon taking office. The 2025 Project recommends bring BLM back to Colorado as well as move other federal agencies.

Under Trump, Interior has sought to reallocate much of its workforce from the Senior Executive Service. The reshuffle led to widespread confusion and allegations that the department was retaliating against employees working on issues that were not priorities of the Trump administration, such as climate change.