We are already in the second week of COP29 deliberations, but delegates have not yet reached an agreement. Meanwhile, preparations for COP30 are already underway.

Discussions hit a wall after a first proposal sparked widespread anger. Delegates must reach consensus on deep differences on how to increase international climate finance.

Host country Azerbaijan announced preliminary agreements on Thursday. However, they failed to address crucial points, such as the source and amount of funds that could be mobilized to help developing countries.

One of the main causes of global warming, the use of fossil fuels, was also barely mentioned. More than 60 countries took turns criticizing this possible agreement, leading to a lively five-hour discussion.

With just a day to go, it seemed like there wasn’t much consensus. A number of countries, such as the United States, Panama and Vanuatu, have insisted that a final agreement must recognize a historic commitment made at last year’s COP in Dubai. Increase efficiency, move away from fossil fuels and expand renewable energy.

However, on behalf of the Arab group, Saudi negotiator Albara Tawfiq argued that Riyadh was against the global stocktake’s goal of reaffirming last year’s commitment on fossil fuels. The kingdom warned that Arab countries “will not accept any text targeting specific sectors, including fossil fuels.”

Separately, developing countries have criticized rich countries like the United States and the EU for being vague about how much they are willing to pay. On the other hand, the US and EU have hit back saying the proposed deal is inadequate to meet their emissions reduction targets. Clearly, the annual meeting is proving to be another no-calendar event.

Brazil is already looking forward to COP30 next year. Belem, Brazil, will be the site of next year’s climate summit. Amid its booming oil production, Brazil is striving to establish itself as a climate leader.

COP30 offers a valuable opportunity to achieve this. Belem is known as the gateway to the Amazon jungle. However, some are concerned that the small coastal town does not have the infrastructure to host a COP meeting.

Andre Correa Do Lago, Brazil’s Secretary of Climate, Energy and Environment, argued that Belem’s location would be an asset. He said: “We don’t try to hide our problems and, as you know, deforestation is our main source of emissions. He added: “So we’re taking the world to where our biggest source of emissions is, and we’re going to show the world how complex the Amazon region is.”